Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology
Volume 20, Issue 1 , Pages 22-29 , January 2009

Extrahepatic Collateral Artery Supply to the Tumor Thrombi of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Invading Inferior Vena Cava: The Prevalence and Determinant Factors

  • In Joon Lee, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
    • Institute of Radiation Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea
    • Clinical Research Institute , Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
    • ,
  • Jin Wook Chung, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
    • Institute of Radiation Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea
    • Clinical Research Institute , Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress correspondence to J.W.C., Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, 28, Yongon-dong, Chongno-gu, Seoul, 110-744, Korea
    • ,
  • Hyo-Cheol Kim, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
    • Institute of Radiation Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea
    • Clinical Research Institute , Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
    • ,
  • Yong Hu Yin, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
    • Institute of Radiation Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea
    • Clinical Research Institute , Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
    • ,
  • Young Ho So, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
    • Institute of Radiation Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea
    • Clinical Research Institute , Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
    • ,
  • Ung Bae Jeon, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
    • Institute of Radiation Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea
    • Clinical Research Institute , Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
    • ,
  • Hwan Jun Jae, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
    • Institute of Radiation Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea
    • Clinical Research Institute , Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
    • ,
  • Baik Hwan Cho, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Surgery and Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonbuk Cancer Center, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea
    • ,
  • Jae Hyung Park, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
    • Institute of Radiation Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea
    • Clinical Research Institute , Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea

Received 18 January 2008 ,Revised 8 September 2008 ,Accepted 29 September 2008.

References 

  1. Lee HS, Kim KM, Yoon JH, et al. Therapeutic efficacy of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization as compared with hepatic resection in hepatocellular carcinoma patients with compensated liver function in a hepatitis B virus-endemic area: a prospective cohort study. J Clin Oncol. 2002;20:4459–4465
  2. Llovet JM, Bruix J. Systematic review of randomized trials for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: Chemoembolization improves survival. Hepatology. 2003;37:429–442
  3. Schwartz JD, Beutler AS. Therapy for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: review of the randomized clinical trials-II: systemic and local non-embolization-based therapies in unresectable and advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. Anticancer Drugs. 2004;15:439–452
  4. Nakakuma K, Tashiro S, Hiraoka T, et al. Studies on anticancer treatment with an oily anticancer drug injected into the ligated feeding hepatic artery for liver cancer. Cancer. 1983;52:2193–2200
  5. Chung JW, Park JH, Han JK, Choi BI, Kim TK, Han MC. Transcatheter oily chemoembolization of the inferior phrenic artery in hepatocellular carcinoma: the safety and potential therapeutic role. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 1998;9:495–500
  6. Kim HC, Chung JW, Lee W, Jae HJ, Park JH. Recognizing extrahepatic collateral vessels that supply hepatocellular carcinoma to avoid complications of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization. Radiographics. 2005;25(suppl 1):S25–S39
  7. Chung JW, Kim HC, Yoon JH, et al. Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization of hepatocellular carcinoma: prevalence and causative factors of extrahepatic collateral arteries in 479 patients. Korean J Radiol. 2006;7:257–266
  8. Kim HC, Chung JW, Choi SH, Jae HJ, Lee W, Park JH. Internal mammary arteries supplying hepatocellular carcinoma: vascular anatomy at digital subtraction angiography in 97 patients. Radiology. 2007;242:925–932
  9. Miyayama S, Matsui O, Taki K, et al. Extrahepatic blood supply to hepatocellular carcinoma: angiographic demonstration and transcatheter arterial chemoembolization. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. 2006;29:39–48
  10. Charnsangavej C, Chuang VP, Wallace S, Soo CS, Bowers T. Angiographic classification of hepatic arterial collaterals. Radiology. 1982;144:485–494
  11. Shibata T, Kojima N, Tabuchi T, Itoh K, Konishi J. Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization through collateral arteries for hepatocellular carcinoma after arterial occlusion. Radiat Med. 1998;16:251–256
  12. Kim HC, Chung JW, Choi SH, et al. Hepatocellular carcinoma with internal mammary artery supply: feasibility and efficacy of transarterial chemoembolization and factors affecting patient prognosis. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2007;18:611–619
  13. Chung JW, Park JH, Han JK, Choi BI, Han MC. Hepatocellular carcinoma and portal vein invasion: results of treatment with transcatheter oily chemoembolization. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1995;165:315–321
  14. Okuda K, Jinnouchi S, Nagasaki Y, Kuwahara S, Kaneko T. Angiographic demonstration of growth of hepatocellular carcinoma in the hepatic vein and inferior vena cava. Radiology. 1977;124:33–36
  15. Kanematsu M, Imaeda T, Minowa H, et al. Hepatocellular carcinoma with tumor thrombus in the inferior vena cava and right atrium. Abdom Imaging. 1994;19:313–316
  16. Pugh RN, Murray-Lyon IM, Dawson JL, Pietroni MC, Williams R. Transection of the oesophagus for bleeding oesophageal varices. Br J Surg. 1973;60:646–649
  17. Gokan T, Hashimoto T, Matsui S, Kushihashi T, Nobusawa H, Munechika H. Helical CT demonstration of dilated right inferior phrenic arteries as extrahepatic collateral arteries of hepatocellular carcinomas. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 2001;25:68–73
  18. Chern MC, Chuang VP, Cheng T, Lin ZH, Lin YM. Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma with inferior vena cava and right atrial tumors. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. 2008;31:735–744

 This study was supported by grant 0620220-1 from the National R & D Program for Cancer Control, Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea. None of the authors have identified a conflict of interest.

PII: S1051-0443(08)00888-9

doi: 10.1016/j.jvir.2008.09.030

Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology
Volume 20, Issue 1 , Pages 22-29 , January 2009

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution