MR Imaging–guided Percutaneous Sclerotherapy of Peripheral Venous Malformations with a Clinical 1.5-T Unit: A Pilot Study
Gustav Andreisek, Daniel Nanz, Dominik Weishaupt, Thomas Pfammatter
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Movie created from MIP images of time-resolved contrast-enhanced 3D MR angiography (TRICKS) (16) (6.1/1.9; temporal resolution, 2.6 seconds) of the right foot in the 16-year-old girl shown in Figure 1 reveals the dorsal pedal artery as the main feeding vessel of the VM. Over time, the inflow of the contrast medium into the VM and its complete filling are visualized. A prominent plantar vein provides the main (late) venous drainage of the VM.
Movie created from multiple MIP images of the 3D fast spoiled GRE data sets acquired for near-real-time MR monitoring of the injection of the contrast medium–tagged sclerosing agent (94% ethanol) in the same patient as in Figure 3. Note the progressing distribution of the sclerosing agent and the absence of any indication of drainage of the sclerosing agent via the main draining plantar or any other vein (cf Movie 1).
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